• 专利附录
  • 专利说明
  • 权利要求
  • 类似技术
  • 同族专利
  • 引用文献
  • 法律状态
  • 优先权
    • 专利摘要:
    Disclosed is a wooden structural member (10; 10 ') having an upper side (12; 12') and an upper side (12; 12 ') opposite underside (14) and at least two, preferably exactly two interposed and opposite transverse sides (16; 16 '), wherein the wooden structural rod (10, 10') has at least one, preferably a plurality of recesses (18) which are formed at least in the upper side (12, 12 ') and which are defined by a plurality of contact surfaces (20, 22, 24 , 26) are defined, at which the wooden structural rod (10) with another wooden structural rod (10 ') is brought into contact, wherein a main contact surface (20) preferably substantially parallel to the top (12; 12') extends and at least two, preferably exactly two longitudinal contact surfaces (22) extend from the main contact surface (20; 20 ') to the upper side (12; 12'), characterized in that -) at least one, preferably both, longitudinal contact surfaces (22) inclined to the upper side (12; 12 ') run, -) at least z wei, preferably exactly two transverse contact surfaces (24) are present, which from the main contact surface (20; 20 ') to the underside (14) extend and of which at least one, preferably both inclined to the top (12, 12') and to the longitudinal contact surfaces (22) extend. Also disclosed is a method of making a wooden structural rod (10; 10 '), a method of joining wooden structural rods (10; 10') and a wooden construction.
    公开号:CH709987A2
    申请号:CH01054/15
    申请日:2015-07-17
    公开日:2016-02-15
    发明作者:Martin Antemann
    申请人:Blumer Lehmann Ag；
    IPC主号:
    专利说明:

    The present invention relates to a wooden construction board, a method for producing a Holzbaustabs, a method for connecting at least a first Holzbaustabs with at least one second wooden construction board and a wooden structure.
    Connections of wooden trusses have been known for centuries. A traditional connection is the so-called cross blade, which is used for non-positive and positive connection of two perpendicular wooden construction bars. For this purpose, the two bars in the connection area are at right angles except for half of the cross section. Due to the rectangularity of the recesses, the two wooden construction bars must necessarily be moved towards each other in a fixed joining direction, which is perpendicular to the longitudinal directions of both wooden construction bars. This drawback is also referred to in Moro et al., Building Construction - From Principle to Detail, Volume 3: Application; Berlin: Springer, 2009.
    Now, if a wooden truss be connected in several connecting areas, each with a further wooden trestle, the connections between all these wooden trusses must be made simultaneously. This is only possible if the joining directions given by the recesses are all parallel to one another.
    However, this greatly limits the scope of the traditional cross-blade connection. This is the case in particular if at least one of the wooden construction rods is at least partially curved and / or twisted. Modern wooden constructions contain a large number of such curved and / or twisted wooden building elements. Also, such a curved and / or twisted wooden construction panel may have a plurality of traditional cross-blade recesses, which are to be connected to respective recesses of other wooden construction rods. Due to the curvature and / or torsion, however, the various recesses provide different joining directions, which need not necessarily be parallel to each other. Consequently, the curved and / or twisted wooden construction board can not be connected simultaneously with the other wooden construction bars. To remedy this problem at least partially, the recesses could indeed be made correspondingly wider. However, this would mean that the resulting connection would no longer be form-fitting, which would be unacceptable, in particular in load-bearing timber structures.
    It is therefore an object of the present invention to provide a wooden structural rod with at least one recess, which not only allows a single joining direction in which at least two such wooden construction rods can be joined together. It should not be waived on the advantageous in the traditional cross-blade connection form-fitting in the final position.
    This object is achieved on the one hand by a Holzbaustab with an upper side and a top side opposite the underside and at least two, preferably exactly two arranged therebetween and opposite transverse sides. The wooden construction rod has at least one, preferably a plurality of recesses, which are formed at least in the upper side of the wooden structural rod and which are defined by a plurality of contact surfaces on which the wooden structural rod can be brought into contact with a further wooden structural rod. Preferably, as in the traditional cross-blade connection, one of the contact surfaces, namely a main contact surface, extends substantially parallel to the upper side. Also, as in the traditional cross-blade connection, at least two, preferably exactly two, longitudinal contact surfaces extend from the main contact surface to the upper side.
    According to the invention, the contact surfaces have the properties thatat least one, preferably both longitudinal contact surfaces inclined to the top,at least two, preferably exactly two transverse contact surfaces are present, which extend from the main contact surface to the bottom and of which at least one, preferably both inclined to the top and to the longitudinal contact surfaces.
    Optionally, at least one, preferably at least four, more preferably exactly four intermediate surfaces may be present, which preferably extend inclined to the top and / or to the longitudinal contact surfaces and / or to the transverse contact surfaces. These intermediate surfaces can be designed as intermediate contact surfaces, so that the wooden construction rod can also be brought into contact with a further wooden construction rod at these intermediate contact surfaces.
    That a first surface is inclined to a second surface means in the context of the present invention that an outer surface perpendicular of the first surface forms an angle with an outer surface perpendicular of the second surface, which is different from 0 ° and 90 °. In particular, according to the invention, a contact surface extends inclined to the upper side, when an outer surface perpendicular of the contact surface forms an angle with an outer surface perpendicular of the upper side, which is different from 0 ° and 90 °. If the wooden construction rod is at least partially curved and / or twisted and its upper side is therefore not flat, an outer surface perpendicular in the immediate vicinity of the respective recess is used for this definition.
    As is apparent from the embodiments shown in detail below, allow the inclinations of the longitudinal contact surfaces, the transverse contact surfaces and optionally the intermediate surfaces (especially the intermediate contact surfaces) that two wooden construction bars can be assembled not only in a single joining direction (in the traditional Cross-leaf compound with the outer surface perpendicular of the top coincides), but that also deviating joining directions are possible - especially those that are arranged in a certain angular range around these outer surface perpendicular. The totality of all possible joining directions is referred to here and below as joining angle range.
    The joint angle region may have the shape of an imaginary joint cone, the axis of which, for example, coincides with the outer surface perpendicular of the upper side and which has the property that joining along each jointing direction lying within this joint cone is possible.
    Of course, the totality of all possible joining directions does not necessarily have to form a joining cone. It is also within the scope of the invention that the joining angle range is arranged asymmetrically around the outer surface perpendicular of the upper side. Such asymmetric joint angle range can be provided, for example, in order to optimize the power transmission in each connection region according to a local joining direction. In the case of asymmetric joining angle regions, it is possible and in some cases even necessary for the recess to contain exactly one, exactly two or exactly three intermediate surfaces, in particular intermediate contact surfaces.
    In order to simplify the production of Holzbaustabs as possible, it is preferred if the main contact surface adjacent to one edge directly to one of the longitudinal contact surfaces and / or the main contact surface adjacent to one edge directly to one of the transverse contact surfaces and / or the longitudinal contact surfaces each adjacent to one edge directly to one of the intermediate surfaces (in particular one of the intermediate contact surfaces) and / or adjacent to one edge directly to the top and / or the intermediate surfaces (in particular one of the intermediate contact surfaces) each adjacent to an edge directly to one of the transverse sides and / / or on each edge directly adjacent to the top and / or adjacent to one edge directly to one of the transverse contact surfaces.
    Preferably, at least one, preferably both, longitudinal contact surfaces and / or at least one, preferably both, transverse contact surfaces extend at an angle to the top, which is at least 60 ° and less than 90 °, and preferably in the range of 75 ° to 85 ° , The angle between two surfaces is understood here and below to mean the angle which exists between the outer surface perpendiculars of these surfaces. The aforementioned angle ranges, for example, are advantageous when the. Timber frame has a height of 30 cm as defined below and a width of 20 cm as defined below.
    The smaller the said angle between the longitudinal contact surfaces or transverse contact surfaces and the upper side, the greater is the joint angle range, within which two wooden construction rods are joined together, ie in particular the opening angle of a joint cone. Too small an angle between the longitudinal contact surfaces and the top are to be avoided, however, because this would make the recess so large or the main contact surface so small that a stable, non-positive connection of the wooden construction bars could no longer be guaranteed. Too small angles between the transverse contact surfaces and the top would also lead to unfavorably small main contact surfaces.
    In particular, when the axis of the joint cone coincides with the outer surface perpendicular of the top, the angle β between longitudinal contact surfaces or transverse contact surfaces and top with the opening angle α of the joint cone on the relationship α / 2 = 90 ° -β together. In these cases, it is advantageous if the opening angle is at least 60 ° and smaller than 90 °, and preferably in the range of 75 ° to 85 °.
    In some cases, both longitudinal contact surfaces and both transverse contact surfaces extend at the same angle to the top. However, the invention also includes embodiments in which the longitudinal contact surfaces and transverse contact surfaces of one and the same recess extend at pairs different angles to the upper side. This is particularly necessary if two wooden construction bars with different recesses to be joined together form fit.
    In addition, it is advantageous if at least one, preferably all intermediate surfaces, in particular intermediate contact surfaces, extend at an angle to the top, which is at least 60 ° and smaller than 90 ° and preferably in the range of 75 ° to 85 °. The angle ranges mentioned are advantageous, for example, if the wooden structural bar has a height of 30 cm as defined below and a width of 20 cm as defined below. In particular, when the axis of a joining cone coincides with the outer surface perpendicular of the upper side, the angle γ between intermediate surfaces and upper side with the opening angle α of the joining cone on the relationship γ = 90 ° -α / 2 together.
    A particularly simple construction is obtained when the wooden structural rod has a substantially quadrangular, in particular rectangular cross-sectional area, which is bounded by the upper side, the lower side and the two transverse sides. Such a quadrilateral cross-sectional area is also preferred if the wooden building board is at least partially curved and / or twisted. For example, the woodworking board may have a height formed between the top and bottom in the range of 8 cm to 200 cm, preferably 16 cm to 160 cm, more preferably 24 cm to 92 cm. Between the two transverse sides, the wooden construction rod may have a width which is in the range of 8 cm to 72 cm, preferably 16 cm to 60 cm, particularly preferably 16 cm to 48 cm.
    Furthermore, a simple production, a simple joint and also a stable, frictional connection of two wooden construction bars can be achieved if the main contact surface and / or the longitudinal contact surface (s) and / or the transverse contact surfaces (s) and / or the intermediate surface ( n), in particular the intermediate contact surface (s), are flat.
    In general, the shape of the main contact surface results from its position between the top and bottom, from the angles between the contact surfaces and the top, from the cross sections of the wooden construction bars to be joined and from the desired crossing angle between the wooden construction bars to be joined. In particular, when the two wooden building rods are not curved or twisted, the main contact surface may be substantially diamond-shaped, in particular square. As a result, two such wooden construction bars with identical diamond-shaped main contact surfaces can be joined together in such a way that the main contact surfaces of both wooden construction elements lie flush on one another. In this case, square main contact surfaces are preferred if the two wooden construction bars are to be connected in such a way that the longitudinal directions form a right angle in the connection region. In most cases, however, the main contact surface is not diamond-shaped.
    In order for a wooden construction board (a "first wooden construction board") and a second wooden construction board to be positively connected to at least one recess, it is furthermore advantageous if the first wooden construction board and the second wooden construction board are so joined together that in an end positionthe main contact surface of the first wooden structural part is at least partially in surface contact with the main contact surface of the second wooden structural part,the longitudinal contact surfaces of the first wooden structural part are at least partially in surface contact with the transverse contact surfaces of the second wooden structural part,the transverse contact surfaces of the first wooden structural abut are at least partially in surface contact with the longitudinal contact surfaces of the second wooden structural abut, andoptionally intermediate contact surfaces of the first Holzbaustabs at least partially in surface contact with intermediate contact surfaces of the second Holzbaustabs.
    In this way, a positive connection results. For such a positive connection, it is necessary that the dimensions and angles of the contact surfaces of both wooden building blocks are coordinated.
    The formulation "at least partially in surface contact" also includes embodiments in which, for example, only a part of an intermediate contact surface of the first Holzbaustabs in contact with one of the intermediate contact surfaces of the second Holzbaustabs and / or only a part of the intermediate contact surfaces of the second Holzbaustabs with the intermediate contact surfaces of the first Holzbaustabs is.
    A further advantage results if the contact surfaces are designed and arranged such that the wooden structural member (the "first wooden construction rod") with a second wooden structural rod with at least one recess is so assembled that in an end position, the top of the Holzbaustabs at least in the connection area extends at least largely flush with the underside of the second Holzbaustabs and / or extends the bottom of the first Holzbaustabs at least in the connecting region with the upper side of the second Holzbaustabs at least substantially flush. This allows a low height, as is the case with the traditional cross-blade connection.
    An at least substantial flush is within the meaning of the invention, even if due to three-dimensional curvatures of the tops and / or bottoms the edges between the longitudinal contact surfaces and the top of a first Holzbaustabs not completely abut the underside of a second Holzbaustabs.
    In order to achieve at least substantial flush, the main contact surface with respect to the underside of the Holzbaustabs may have a height which is between 1/5 and 4/5 and preferably between 1/3 and 2/3, and particularly preferably 1 / 2 is.
    The advantages of the invention are particularly useful when the timber frame is at least partially curved and / or twisted and has at least a first recess in a first connecting portion of the Holzbaustabs and a second recess in a second connecting portion of the Holzbaustabs, the upper side in the first connection region inclined to the top in the second connection region extends. For even then (in contrast to the traditional cross-blade connection) simultaneous joining of the at least partially curved and / or twisted Holzbaustabs with several other wooden construction bars along a common joining direction possible.
    If the wooden structural beam is curved and / or twisted, then in many cases the outer surface vertical of the upper side in the connecting regions are not parallel to each other. Each of the recesses then defines its own joining angle range, in particular its own joining cone, wherein the axes of the joining cone are not parallel to one another. By appropriate design of the recesses, in particular the contact surfaces, then the joining angle areas, in particular the opening angle of the joining cone should be adjusted so that they contain a common joining direction. For this purpose, for example, a common opening angle can be selected for all recesses, which is so large that an angle is formed between all outer surface perpendiculars of the upper side in the connecting areas, which angle is at most equal to the opening angle of the joining cone.
    The recess of the Holzbaustabs (of the "first Holzbaustabs") may be formed so that a connection with a second wooden structural bar is possible at a predetermined crossing angle. As the crossing angle between the first wooden structural rod and the second wooden structural member of the angle is considered, which is formed in the connecting region between the longitudinal directions of the two wooden construction bars. These longitudinal directions extend along the respective upper, lower and transverse sides. The said predetermined crossing angle may be in the range of 15 ° to 165 °, preferably 45 ° to 135 ° and particularly preferably 60 ° to 120 °. In particular, therefore, crossing angles are possible which deviate from 90 ° by at least 5 °, in particular at least 10 °. The angle ranges mentioned are advantageous, for example, if the wooden construction rod has a fluff of 30 cm as defined above and a width of 20 cm as defined above, in order to achieve a crossing angle different from 90 °, the entirety of the contact surfaces defining a recess to be turned around the local outer surface vertical of the top.
    Above, preferred data on shapes and dimensions of the woodworking board and on shapes, dimensions and arrangements of the main contact surface, the longitudinal contact surfaces, the transverse contact surfaces and optionally the intermediate surfaces have been disclosed. As already explained, it is understood by those skilled in the art that these shapes, dimensions and arrangements depend on each other and are adapted to the respective design requirements. For example, two wooden construction bars with equal widths but different widths of main surfaces have different angles between transverse contact surfaces and upper side. Furthermore, different predefined crossing angles require different arrangements of the main, longitudinal, transverse and possibly intermediate surfaces.
    Another aspect of the present invention is a method of making a wooden structural rod. This method includes a step in which at least one, preferably a plurality of recesses are provided in an existing timber construction rod in such a way that a wooden construction board as described above is formed. This recess should thus be formed at least in an upper side of the wooden structural rod and be defined by a plurality of contact surfaces, whereinat least one, preferably both longitudinal contact surfaces inclined to the top,at least two, preferably exactly two transverse contact surfaces are present which extend from the main contact surface to the underside and of which at least one, preferably both inclined to the top and to the longitudinal contact surfaces, andoptionally at least one, preferably at least four, more preferably exactly four intermediate surfaces, in particular intermediate contact surfaces are present, which extend inclined to the top and / or to the longitudinal contact surfaces and / or to the transverse contact surfaces.
    The provision of such recesses is possible, for example, with known per se, digitally controlled, fully automated joinery systems that are able to cut, drill or mill complex cutting geometries for positive wood joints with great precision and reasonable effort.
    In the method of manufacturing, the recesses may be provided such that the respective joining angle regions, in particular joining cones, contain a common, predetermined jointing direction, in which the wooden construction board is to be joined with one or more further wooden construction rods. To this end, those skilled in the art, having the benefit of the present invention, may select the shapes, dimensions and arrangements of the main contact surfaces, the longitudinal contact surfaces, the transverse contact surfaces and, if appropriate, the interfaces to satisfy this requirement.
    The invention also relates to a method for connecting at least one wooden structural rod as described above (a "first wooden structural rod") with at least one second wooden structural rod as described above. This method includes a step in which the first wooden structural rod is joined together in a common joining direction with the second wooden structural rod such thatthe main contact surface of the first wooden structural part is at least partially in surface contact with the main contact surface of the second wooden structural part,the longitudinal contact surfaces of the first wooden structural part are at least partially in surface contact with the transverse contact surfaces of the second wooden structural part,the transverse contact surfaces of the first wooden structural abut are at least partially in surface contact with the longitudinal contact surfaces of the second wooden structural abut, andoptionally intermediate contact surfaces of the first Holzbaustabs at least partially in surface contact with intermediate contact surfaces of the second Holzbaustabs.
    As already explained above, this allows a positive connection in the end position. The first wooden construction board and the second wooden construction board need not be identical for this procedure. However, it is advantageous if the main contact surfaces of the two wooden construction bars are identical to each other and / or the longitudinal contact surfaces of the first Holzbaustabs are identical to the transverse contact surfaces of the second Holzbaustabs and / or the transverse contact surfaces of the first Holzbaustabs are identical to the longitudinal contact surfaces of the second Holzbaustabs.
    As has also been stated above, the wooden timbers according to the invention allow at least one first such wooden structural beam to be connected to at least two second such wooden structural beams simultaneously in a common joining direction, wherein the second wooden structural rods need not be moved relative to each other, even if the first wooden construction rod is at least partially curved and / or twisted, wherein in the final position is still a positive connection.
    Finally, the invention also relates to a wooden structure, which contains at least two interconnected wooden construction rods. In particular, the wooden building blocks may have been connected to a method as described above.
    The invention will now be described in detail with reference to embodiments and drawings. Show<Tb> FIG. 1: <SEP> a traditional cross-blade connection of two wooden timbers not according to the invention;<Tb> FIG. 2a-d: <SEP> four views of a wooden building block according to the invention;<Tb> FIG. 3a-f: <SEP> four views of a connection of two wooden construction elements according to the invention;<Tb> FIG. 4a-d: <SEP> an inventive wooden construction;<Tb> FIG. 5: <SEP> another connection of two wooden construction elements according to the invention.
    In Fig. 1, two non-inventive wooden construction bars 1, 1 are shown, with which a traditional cross-blade connection can be made. Both wooden construction bars 1, 1 each contain an upper side 12, 12, a lower side 14, 14 opposite thereto, and two transverse sides 16, 16 arranged therebetween and opposite one another. In each of the upper sides 12, 12, a recess 18, 18 is formed, each of two main contact surfaces 20, 20 and two longitudinal contact surfaces 22, 22 is defined. The two wooden components 1, 1 can be joined together so that a positive and non-positive connection is created between them. However, such joining is possible only along the marked joining direction F, which run parallel to the outer surface perpendiculars S, S of the upper sides 12, 12. This significantly limits the scope of the traditional crossblade connection.
    A wooden truss 10 according to the invention, of which cutouts are shown in FIGS. 2a to 2d, likewise includes an upper side 12, an underside 14 opposite the upper side 12, and two transverse sides 16 arranged therebetween and opposite one another. In the perspective view according to FIG 2a, a recess 18 can be seen, which is formed at least in the upper side 12 of the wooden structural rod 10 and defined by a plurality of contact surfaces, namely a main contact surface 20, which runs parallel to the upper side 12, two longitudinal contact surfaces 22, which extend inclined to the upper side 12, two transverse contact surfaces 24 which extend from the main contact surface 20 to the underside 14 and extend inclined to the upper side 12 and to the longitudinal contact surfaces 22 and four intermediate contact surfaces 26 which extend inclined to the upper side 12, to the longitudinal contact surfaces 22 and to the transverse contact surfaces 24. Between an outer surface perpendicular W of the intermediate contact surfaces 26 and an outer surface perpendicular S of the top 12 an angle γ = 15 ° is formed.
    The main contact surface 20 adjoins in each case an edge 30 directly to one of the longitudinal contact surfaces 22. At each edge 32, the main contact surface 20 directly adjoins one of the transverse contact surfaces 24. The longitudinal contact surfaces 22 adjoin one edge 34 directly to one of the intermediate contact surfaces 26 and abut one edge 42 at a time directly against the upper side 12. Furthermore, each of the intermediate contact surfaces 26 adjacent to one edge 36 directly to a transverse side 16, at each edge 38 directly to the top 12 and at each edge 40 directly to one of the transverse contact surfaces 24 at.
    In Fig. 2b is a side view of the wooden building block 10 is shown. Between the upper side 12 and the lower side 14, the wooden structural rod 10 has a height H of 40 cm. The main contact surface 20 is arranged centrally in this embodiment between the top 12 and the bottom 14; the height h of the main contact surface 20 with respect to the bottom 14 is thus h = H / 2 = 20 cm. Of course, it is also conceivable deviating from the fact that the main contact surface 20 is not centrally located between the top 12 and the bottom 14, if the main contact surface of a second Holzbaustabs not shown here, which is to be connected to the wood frame 10, also not in the middle between the Top and bottom is arranged.
    Between the outer surface perpendicular S of the upper side 12 and an outer surface perpendicular T of the longitudinal contact surfaces 22, an angle β = 75 ° is formed. The longitudinal contact surfaces 22 thus extend inclined to the top 12. Along the longitudinal direction L of the wooden structural rod 10, the main contact surface 20 has a length 1. This length 1 results from the width B of the wooden structural rod 10, the angles β, the position of the main contact surface 20 between the top 12th and underside 14 as well as the intended crossing angle between the wooden structural rod 10 and a second wooden structural rod, not shown here, to be connected thereto.
    As can be seen from the plan view according to FIG. 2c, the wooden structural rod 10 has a width B of 40 cm. In the embodiment shown here, the width b of the main contact surface 20 in this direction is identical to the length 1, so that the main contact surface 20 is square. Deviating from this of course it is also within the scope of the invention that the main contact surface 20 is not square. In general, the shape of the main contact surface 20 results from its position between the upper side 12 and the lower side 14, from the cross sections of the wooden construction bars to be joined, the crossing angles between the wooden construction bars to be joined and the angles β and γ.
    Fig. 2d shows a sectional view in the direction A-A in Figs. 2b and 2c. As can be seen from FIG. 2 d, the same angle β = 75 ° is also formed between the outer surface perpendicular S of the upper side 12 and the outer surface vertical U of the transverse contact surface 24 in the exemplary embodiment shown here. Deviating from this, the longitudinal contact surfaces and transverse contact surfaces of one and the same recess can also extend under pairs of different angles to the upper side. This is particularly necessary if two wooden construction bars with different recesses to be joined together form fit.
    3a to 3f show how two inventive wooden construction bars 10, 10 can be joined together. In Fig. 3a, the two wooden building rods 10, 10 are not yet in contact with each other. By joining along a joining direction F, which here parallel to the outer surface perpendiculars S of the top 12 of the first timber structural post 10 and also parallel to the outer surface perpendicular S of the top 12 of the second wooden structural post 10, the two wooden construction bars 10, 10 in the end position shown in Fig. 3b are moved. In this end position, the upper side 12 of the first wooden component 10 is flush with the underside 14 of the second wooden component 10, and also the upper side 12 of the second wooden component 10 is flush with the underside 14 of the first wooden component 10.
    As the transparent view according to FIG. 3c shows, in this end position, the main contact surfaces 20, 20 in coextensive contact with each other, the longitudinal contact surfaces 22 of the Holzbaustabs 10 are in coextensive contact with the transverse contact surfaces 24 of the second Holzbaustabs 10, the transverse contact surfaces 24 of the first timber structural post 10 are in coextensive contact with the longitudinal contact surfaces 22 of the second wooden structural post 10, and the intermediate contact surfaces 26 of the wooden structural post 10 are in partial planar contact with the intermediate contact surfaces 26 of the second wooden structural post 10. In this way, a positive and non-positive connection between the wooden construction bars 10, 10 is formed.
    However, a joining of the two wooden construction bars 10, 10 not only along the single joining direction F possible. Because of the inclinations of the main contact surfaces 20, 20, the longitudinal contact surfaces 22, 22, the transverse contact surfaces 24, 24 and the intermediate contact surfaces 26, 26 and joining directions F are also possible, which are arranged in the embodiment shown here within a joint cone K, which is formed around the outer surface perpendiculars S and S, respectively. The relationship α / 2 = 90 ° -β exists between the opening angle α of this joining cone K and the angle of inclination β explained above, so that in this example α = 2⋅ (90 ° -75 °) = 30 °. This is also clarified by the plan view in Fig. 3d and the two sectional views in Figs. 3e and 3f.
    In FIGS. 3a to 3f, an angle δ = 90 ° is formed between the longitudinal directions L, L of the wooden construction rods 10, 10. In order to achieve an angle other than 90 °, the total of the contact surfaces 20, 22, 24, 26, 20, 22, 24, 26, which define one of the two recesses 18, 18, by the corresponding angle to the outer surface perpendicular S of the top 12, 12A to be rotated.
    4a to 4d show a wooden structure 50 with a first, curved wooden structural member 10 and four further wooden structural members 10, which are connected in each case a connecting region 28 with the first wooden structural member 10. In the construction of the wooden structure 50, the wooden construction rods 10 were already firmly installed, and the first wooden construction board 10 had to be subsequently joined together with all four wooden construction bars 10. Due to the curvature of the first wooden structural rod 10, the outer surface perpendiculars S in the connecting regions 28 are also in pairs not parallel to one another. A traditional crossblade connection would only allow local joining in the local joining direction defined by the outer surface perpendicular S.
    However, the inventive wooden construction bars 10, 10 allow joining directions F in a certain angular range around the local outer surface perpendicular S around. In order to achieve the required angles 5 between the local longitudinal directions L, L, the entirety of the contact surfaces defining the recesses not visible here can be turned around the local outer surface perpendicular S. It can therefore be chosen a common jointing direction F, in which the timber frame 10 can be assembled simultaneously with all other wooden construction bars 10. Nevertheless, in the end position between the first timber construction rod 10 and each of the other wooden construction rods 10 is a positive and non-positive connection.
    In Fig. 5, a compound of two curved and twisted wooden construction rods 10, 1011 is shown again in an enlarged view.
    权利要求:
    Claims (9)
    [1]
    1. wooden building board (10, 10) with an upper side (12, 12) and an upper side (12, 12) opposite underside (14, 14) and at least two, preferably exactly two interposed and opposite transverse sides ( 16, 16), wherein the wooden structural rod (10, 10) has at least one, preferably a plurality of recesses (18, 18) which are formed at least in the upper side (12, 12) and which are defined by a plurality of contact surfaces (16; 20, 22, 24, 26, 20, 22, 24, 26), on which the wooden building board (10) can be brought into contact with a further wooden building board (10), wherein a main contact surface (20, 20 ) Preferably extends substantially parallel to the upper side (12, 12) and at least two, preferably exactly two, longitudinal contact surfaces (22, 22) extend from the main contact surface (20, 20) to the upper side (12, 12)- at least one, preferably both longitudinal contact surfaces (22; 22) inclined to the top (12; 12) extend,- Two, preferably exactly two transverse contact surfaces (24) are present, which extend from the main contact surface (20; 20) to the bottom (14; 14) and of which at least one, preferably both inclined to the top (12; 12) and extend to the longitudinal contact surfaces (22),- The wooden structural rod (10, 10) has a quadrangular, in particular rectangular cross-sectional area, which of the top (12, 12), the bottom (14, 14) and the two transverse sides (16, 16) is limited.
    [2]
    2. Timber building board (10, 10) according to claim 1, characterized in that at least one, preferably both longitudinal contact surfaces (22; 22) and / or at least one, preferably both transverse contact surfaces (24; 24) at an angle (β ) to the top (12; 12), which is at least 60 ° and less than 90 °, and preferably in the range of 75 ° to 85 °.
    [3]
    3. wooden building board (10, 10) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the contact surfaces (20, 22, 24, 26, 20, 22, 24, 26) are designed and arranged such that the Timber building board (10) and a second wooden structural rod (10) with at least one recess (18) are so assembled that in an end positionThe main contact surface (20) of the wooden structural rod (10) is at least partially in surface contact with the main contact surface (20) of the second wooden structural rod (10),- The longitudinal contact surfaces (22) of the Holzbaustabs (10) at least partially in surface contact with the transverse contact surfaces (24) of the second Holzbaustabs (10),- The transverse contact surfaces (24) of the Holzbaustabs (10) at least partially in surface contact with the longitudinal contact surfaces (22) of the second Holzbaustabs (10) and- Optional intermediate contact surfaces (26) of the Holzbaustabs (10) at least partially in surface contact with intermediate contact surfaces (26) of the second Holzbaustabs (10).
    [4]
    4. woodworking rod (10; 10) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the contact surfaces (20, 22, 24, 26; 20, 22, 24, 26) are designed and arranged such that the Holzbaustab (10) with a second Holzbaustab (10) having at least one recess (18) is so assembled that in an end position, the upper side (12) of the Holzbaustabs (10) at least in a connecting region (28) with the underside (14 ) Of the second Holzbaustabs (10) extends at least substantially flush and / or the bottom (14) of the Holzbaustabs (10) at least in the connecting region (28) with the upper side (12) of the second Holzbaustabs (10) extends at least substantially flush ,
    [5]
    5. wooden construction rod (10; 10) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the wooden structural rod (10; 10) is at least partially curved and / or twisted and at least one first recess (18; 18) in a first connection region (28) of the wooden structural rod (10) and a second recess (18; 18) in a second connecting region (28) of the wooden structural rod (10; 10), wherein the upper side (12; 12) in the first connecting region (28) inclined to the top (12) in the second connection region (28) extends.
    [6]
    6. A method for producing a wooden structural rod (10; 10), comprising a step in which at least one, preferably a plurality of recesses (18; 18) are provided in an existing wooden construction rod such that a wooden construction rod (10; one of the preceding claims arises.
    [7]
    7. A method for connecting at least one first wooden structural rod (10) according to one of claims 1 to 5 with at least one second wooden structural rod (10) according to one of claims 1 to 5,comprising a step in which the first wooden structural bar (10) is joined to the second wooden structural bar (10) in a common joining direction (F) in such a way that- The main contact surface (20) of the first Holzbaustabs (10) is at least partially in surface contact with the main contact surface (20) of the second Holzbaustabs (10),- The longitudinal contact surfaces (22) of the first Holzbaustabs (10) are at least partially in surface contact with the transverse contact surfaces (24) of the second Holzbaustabs (10),- The transverse contact surfaces (24) of the first Holzbaustabs (10) at least partially in surface contact with the longitudinal contact surfaces (22) of the second Holzbaustabs (10) and- Optional intermediate contact surfaces (26) of the first Holzbaustabs (10) at least partially in surface contact with intermediate contact surfaces (26) of the second Holzbaustabs (10).
    [8]
    8. The method according to claim 7, characterized in that at least one first wooden structural rod (10) according to claim 5 with at least two second wooden structural bars (10) according to one of claims 1 to 5 simultaneously in a common joining direction (F) is connected, wherein the second wooden building rods (10) are not moved relative to each other.
    [9]
    9. wooden construction (50), comprising at least two interconnected wooden construction bars (10, 10) according to one of claims 1 to 5, in particular at least two together in a method according to one of claims 7 and 8 connected wooden building rods (10, 10).
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    同族专利:
    公开号 | 公开日
    CH709987B1|2019-07-31|
    引用文献:
    公开号 | 申请日 | 公开日 | 申请人 | 专利标题
    法律状态:
    2021-02-26| PL| Patent ceased|
    优先权:
    申请号 | 申请日 | 专利标题
    CH12102014|2014-08-08|
    CH01054/15A|CH709987B1|2014-08-08|2015-07-17|Timber building board, method of manufacturing a wooden building block, method of joining at least one first wooden building block with at least one second wooden building block and wooden construction.|CH01054/15A| CH709987B1|2014-08-08|2015-07-17|Timber building board, method of manufacturing a wooden building block, method of joining at least one first wooden building block with at least one second wooden building block and wooden construction.|
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